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- ZeitschriftenartikelMulti-Perspective Clustering of Process Execution Traces(Enterprise Modelling and Information Systems Architectures (EMISAJ) – International Journal of Conceptual Modeling: Vol. 14, Nr. 2, 2019) Jablonski, Stefan; Röglinger, Maximilian; Schönig, Stefan; Wyrtki, Katrin MariaProcess mining techniques enable extracting process models from process event logs. Problems can arise if process mining is applied to event logs of flexible processes that are extremely heterogeneous. Here, trace clustering can be used to reduce the complexity of logs. Common techniques use isolated criteria such as activity profiles for clustering. Especially in flexible environments, however, additional data attributes stored in event logs are a source of unused knowledge for trace clustering. In this paper, we present a multi-perspective trace clustering approach that improves the homogeneity of trace subsets. Our approach provides an integrated definition of similarity between traces by defining a distance measure that combines information about executed activities, performing resources, and data values. The evaluation with real-life event logs, one from a hospital and one with traffic fine data, shows that the homogeneity of the resulting clusters can be significantly improved compared to existing techniques.
- ZeitschriftenartikelA Procedure Model for Situational Reference Model Mining(Enterprise Modelling and Information Systems Architectures (EMISAJ) – International Journal of Conceptual Modeling: Vol. 14, Nr. 3, 2019) Rehse, Jana-Rebecca; Fettke, PeterThis contribution introduces the concept of Situational Reference Model Mining, i. e., the idea that automatically derived reference models, although derived from identical input data, are intended for different purposes and therefore have to meet different requirements. These requirements determine the reference model character and thus the technique that is best suited for mining it. Situational Reference Model Mining is based on well-known design principles for reference modeling, such as configuration, aggregation, specialization, instantiation, and analogy. We present a procedure model for Situational Reference Model Mining and demonstrate its usefulness by means of a case study. Existing techniques for Reference Model Mining are examined and mapped to their underlying design principles. Our approach provides reference model designers with first guidelines regarding their choice of mining technique and points out research gaps for the development of new approaches to reference model mining.
- ZeitschriftenartikelDrivers and Barriers for Microservice Adoption – A Survey among Professionals in Germany(Enterprise Modelling and Information Systems Architectures (EMISAJ) – International Journal of Conceptual Modeling: Vol. 14, Nr. 1, 2019) Knoche, Holger; Hasselbring, WilhelmMicroservices are an architectural style for software which currently receives a lot of attention in both industry and academia. Several companies employ microservice architectures with great success, and there is a wealth of blog posts praising their advantages. Especially so-called Internet-scale systems use them to satisfy their enormous scalability requirements and to rapidly deliver new features to their users. But microservices are not only popular with large, Internet-scale systems. Many traditional companies are also considering whether microservices are a viable option for their applications. However, these companies may have other motivations to employ microservices, and see other barriers which could prevent them from adopting microservices. Furthermore, these drivers and barriers possibly differ among industry sectors. In this article, we present the results of a survey on drivers and barriers for microservice adoption among professionals in Germany. In addition to overall drivers and barriers, we particularly focus on the use of microservices to modernize existing software, with special emphasis on implications for runtime performance and transactionality. We observe interesting differences between early adopters who emphasize scalability of their Internet-scale systems, compared to traditional companies which emphasize maintainability of their IT systems.
- ZeitschriftenartikelHow companies can benefit from Enterprise Architecture Management in the Digital Transformation Process – An Extended Research Model(Enterprise Modelling and Information Systems Architectures (EMISAJ) – International Journal of Conceptual Modeling: Vol. 14, Nr. 4, 2019) Reichstein, Christopher; Sandkuhl, Kurt; Härting, Ralf-ChristianA successful digital transformation in enterprises requires surpassing infrastructural flexibility within firms and a high level of IT competence in order to meet changing business requirements. Digital enterprises face the challenge of combining business and IT to benefit from existing technological achievements in the digital age. Previous studies have shown that there are critical factors that influence the benefits of Enterprise Architecture Management (EAM). However, factors influencing the digital transformation have not been considered yet. An alternative and iterative research approach develops new success factors for enterprises that benefit from EAM. In this context, this paper builds on a qualitative research approach to examine additional factors and their impact on EAM. The approach is based on an extended structured literature review to build a new empirical research model. In addition, the indicators were validated by three different industrial case studies reflecting the benefit from EAM within the digital transformation process. The results of the extended research models and case study validation show that factors aggregated to the determinants IT Landscapes, Internal Business and EAM Establishment have substantially impact on the benefit of EAM in enterprises. Moreover, the authors found two factors (firm size and external business) in the model moderating & the effects on the benefit from EAM.
- ZeitschriftenartikelDesigning a Flipped Classroom Course – A Process Model(Enterprise Modelling and Information Systems Architectures (EMISAJ) – International Journal of Conceptual Modeling: Vol. 14, Nr. 4, 2019) Vogelsang, Kristin; Droit, Alena; Liere-Netheler, KirstenDigital learning has become more than just a trend in the modern world. Blended learning concepts are well established in different areas of application. An important concept in this domain is the so-called flipped classroom (FC). This approach repurposes class time to focus on application and discussion, while the acquisition of basic knowledge will happen at home, enabled by online lectures. In the past, research demonstrated and discussed the advantages of flipped classroom concepts within case studies. Still, standardized guidelines for the development of flipped classrooms are rare. However, it is necessary to learn from the past to improve future education. Thus, we analyzed reviews on flipped classroom research and used these to inductively develop a reference process model for the realization of flipped classroom concepts. The model is based on phases taken from project management, which help to structure the process and associated tasks. The results present the process model shown in Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN) and applicable checklists for the development of a FC course. The process model was applied and evaluated during the implementation of a flipped classroom at a university. Future research should concentrate on evaluation of the model as well as a deeper elaboration of upcoming roles and their tasks in order to derive further guidance for teachers and organizations.
- ZeitschriftenartikelRepairing Outlier Behaviour in Event Logs using Contextual Behaviour(Enterprise Modelling and Information Systems Architectures (EMISAJ) – International Journal of Conceptual Modeling: Vol. 14, Nr. 4, 2019) Sani, Mohammadreza Fani; van Zelst, Sebastiaan J; van der Aalst, Wil M. PIt is common in practice, e. g., due to logging errors in information systems or the presence of exeptional process behavior, to have outlier behavior in real event data. Such behavior often leads to incomprehensible, complex, and inaccurate analysis results and makes correct and/or important behavior undetectable. In this paper, we propose a novel data preprocessing method, that detects and subsequently repairs outlier behavior in event data. We propose a probabilistic method that detects outlier behavior based on the occurrence probability of a sequence of activities among its surronding contextual behavior. We replace the outlier behavior with more probable behavior among that behavioral context. Our approach allows to remove outlier behavior, which enables us to obtain a more global view of the process. The proposed method has been implemented in both the prom- and the rapidprom frameworks. Using these implementations, we conducted several experiments that show that most types of outlier behavior in event data are detectable and repairable via the proposed method. The evaluation clearly demonstrates that we are able to improve process discovery results by repairing event logs upfront. Results show that using the proposed method we obtain more understandable process models with higher accuracy.